![]() by the action of metals on water and acids.At standard temperature and pressure, H 2 gas exists as a colorless, orderless, tasteless, highly combustible, non-toxic, nonmetallic chemical compound. The chemical properties of all these gas molecules are basically the same but hydrogen isotopes differ in their physical properties. The three isotopes of hydrogen gas molecules are represented as H 2 (dihydrogen), D 2 (di-deuterium), and T 2 (di-tritium). Therefore, these facts suggested the lack of reactivity at ordinary temperature and pressure.Īmong atomic forms, it forms various unstable ionized species like a proton (H +), a hydride ion (H −), and a molecular ion (H 2 +). The molecule is a very stable species, at 2000°K and 1-atmosphere pressure, only one percent of atomic hydrogen is present in the gas molecules. It uses as an alternative source of energy in the near future (fuel cells) due to the huge stock of H 2 in the earth’s surface water molecules. The chemistry of hydrogen has late gained. It forms covalent bonds with a wide range of polarities in chemistry. Due to the presence of a half-filled valence shell, it is also placed in group-16 with the carbon family.Therefore, it is placed in group-17 in the periodic table with the halogen. Considering other facts, the electronic configuration of hydrogen is one electron short of the next noble gas helium (He).The ns 1 electron configuration justifies its position in group-1 with the alkali metals.The unique periodic table position can be described by its characteristics properties and electron configuration. In the modern periodic table, hydrogen is placed in group-1 with alkali metals. The normal oxidation number or state of hydrogen in chemical compounds is +1 but highly electropositive metals (alkaline and alkaline earth), show a −1 oxidation state. The name is derived from the Greek word ‘hydro’ and ‘genes’ meaning water forming Properties of Hydrogenĭue to its unique characteristics and properties, hydrogen (H) forms chemical compounds or molecules with nearly every periodic table element. The most important chemical compound water (H 2O) is obtained by burning it with oxygen molecules. Under ordinary conditions, hydrogen gas consists of a pair of atoms or a diatomic molecule with a wide range of bonding. It bearing one unit of positive and negative electrical charge. In chemistry or chemical science, the hydrogen atom is the only member of the chemical element in which the valence electron is under the direct influence of the nucleus. Hydrogen, symbol H, molecular formula H 2 is a colorless, odorless, tasteless, flammable gaseous chemical substance in the periodic table.
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